28 x 22T gear ratio, Hope Race Evo brakes with KCNC rotors, SON dynamo hub powering Wahoo Roam and Exposure light, Chris King rear hub and headset, Stans Crest carbon rims, Kenda Saber Pro tyres, PNW dropper 'post, Ergon grips and . But before I get to how it feels, note that I paired the X01 derailleur and cassette with a GX chain, flawless White Industries M30 cranks, and a Wolf Tooth Camo chaining system, which is great for being able to swap rings on the fly. Even if you tend to pedal at much faster speeds when training, after a couple of long days on the bike, it is likely that youll switch into a pure energy-conservation mode and rarely pedal on significant downhills. If your range is too narrow, youll have to sacrifice at one end or the other. How easy or hard a gear feels when pedaling is a function of how many teeth are on the cassette cog (rear) and chainring (front). A guide or chain catcher may also be useful to prevent derailments when using extra-wide chainring differences. Since riding the Great Divide on my 1x Cutthroat I much prefer the 1x simplicity. They strip easily if you dont have the right bit, but I was able to remove them mostly unscathed. The relative difference between two gears can be determined by dividing the size of the larger cog by the next smallest, and this equates to the difference in cadence between those gears. Shes a custom build, which means I have to take responsibility for got to choose all the drivetrain components. The likes of Jay Petervary and Josh Kato might not require the same granny gear as a skinny guy with bird legs (such as myself). We're riding across the UK on mostly gravel/unmade roads. Hopefully this page has given you an idea of how to choose appropriate gearing and the options that are available. $100 Ratio 112 Upgrade Kit At the front, . The Bikepacking Trip Planner Workbook can help you take the next step. Attach the bags to your handlebar and seat post with ski straps or bungees. The Blackburn Grid Handlebar Bag is a must-have addition for any bike setup with its low-profile and fuss-free access to your phone, snacks, tools, gloves . Are 1x drivetrains less efficient? When we talk about a 1x drivetrain, we usually mean a modern setup with an 11 or 12 (or occasionally 10) speed cassette. Brands considered were Campagnolo, IRD, KCNC, Miche, Shimano, SRAM, and SunRace. Those who ride with extra-heavy loads, like extended round-the-world tourers or folks pulling kid trailers, may be the exception. She has a 32 tooth chainring in front, and a wide-range 12 speed cassette with cogs ranging from 10 51 teeth in back. I dont have a crystal ball, but I dont expect any issues with parts availability or compatibility for quite awhile. Front derailleurs arent too difficult to adjust and they hold their adjustment well, so I dont see any disadvantage to having a front derailleur on a road or adventure/touring bike. BIKEPACKING.com is dedicated to exploration by bicycle. Its pretty straightforward and easy to mitigate any risk of bits and pieces sproinging out all over the place, or any other such calamity. Thats because the differences between 2x and 3x are smaller than the leap from 1x to 2x. No that isn't something you fix overnight, but a bikepacking trip sure helps. This gets a little hard to see, but here they are with the same colors as above: As you can see, these are the main differences between the two systems: What does this mean for bikepacking? Alright, lets look at the cost. Let's get going! Mountain bike double cranksets offer even lower gearing options (e.g., 26/38 or 28/42). Ive traveled over 17,000 miles by bike and still cant stop planning my next ride (and helping you plan yours). Thats a gear ratio of 4.17:1, so a highest gear ratio of around 4:1 should be sufficient for ultra-distance cycling. If youre lucky enough to be choosing a new drivetrain or new bike, I hope this post has helped clarify your preference. Will my climbing gear be low enough for my loaded bike? The Ratio 112 Wide Upgrade Kit allows you to easily hack an 11-speed SRAM road shifter to work with a 12-speed Eagle MTB derailleur. Personally I find the gearing on the 112 meets my needs similarly to the 210. Its also worth adding that there arent too many dangers in the install process. Will the parts be harder to find overseas? Shifting across cogs that come from different cassettes, like the 15 and 16 tooth cogs in the 12-32 custom cassette example, is often a problem because the shifting ramps and gates may not be aligned. If youre thinking about a 1x but want to know more before making the switch, I hope this post will help you navigate the decision. This was a helpful article, and as always, your explanations were easy to understand. At an elevation of 1500 meters, a cyclists available power is generally reduced by about 10% compared to sea level due to the reduced oxygen (see the Environmental Effects on Cycling Speed: Wind, Elevation & Air Temperature page). In addition, the 10-50T cassette offers a decent progression that works well for a variety of riding, ranging from road spins to gravel, and from singletrack to steep forest roads. For example, a modern road rear derailluer officially rated for up to a 32-tooth cog almost always works with a 34-tooth and often with a 36-tooth cassette. My low gear is even lower than before, so climbing is even easier. But will a 1x have all the gears I need??. This is determined by the length and angle of the bikes derailleur hanger, the chain length and the geometry of the derailleur itself, which is why theres no universal rule as to what will and wont work; its best to try the specific combination of parts that youre interested in on your bike rather than asking what works on someone elses bike. Now I know I want 1x . I'm about to convert over mostly for conditioning, but also for the simplicity and aesthetics. Note that Miche sells custom cassettes where cogs can be chosen individually, starting with an 11, 12, or 13 tooth cog and going up to 30, 32, or 34 teeth. And replace it beforehand if you go overseas to other than western Europe. Shimano MS refers to Shimanos MicroSpline 12-speed MTB freehub body, which is currently only available for certain wheels. Such a weight difference wont have a significant effect on overall riding speed (see The Actual Effect of Weight on Cycling Speed page), so it shouldnt be a factor when considering which gear setup is better for you. To make this extra clear, lets plot both on the same axis. However, riding long hours with a heavy load can also wear on your knees if not immediately, over time. What Are Bike Gear Ratios? The gear ratio is the ratio between the number of teeth on the chainring and the number of teeth on the cassette sprocket. Even 12 speed components are now available at standard levels and they can last a long time before needing to be replaced. IRD cassettes are designed in a similar way, but sold only as complete cassettes. A 30t chainring would have brought it to the same level as the Pony Rustler, and made it more suited for the steep terrain that the Altravesur route dished out. This means that the weight of your backpack should be 15-25% of your overall body weight. After some experimentation, Ive also made a custom 12-36, 11-speed cassette with parts from 3 different cassettes (Shimano 12-25, Shimano 11-32 and SRAM 11-36) that shifts without problems with a Di2 rear derailleur and all gaps smaller than 15% and a wide range of 300%. 1x drivetrains have been mainstream for a few years now, so experienced riders are increasingly faced with making the switch as we consider new bikes. A higher number is a higher / harder gear, and a lower number is a lower / easier gear. X Actuation derailleurs require more cable to move across the cassette. Each issue features a collection of inspiring writing and beautiful photography. Therefore, 260% is chosen as the minimum gear range to be included in the table. If steps are too small, youll have to shift several times to feel a meaningful difference. If you found this article helpful, please consider sharing so more people can benefit from it: Alissa, I enjoy your many analyses of bikes & bike parts. Do you need your gravel bike to double-up as your winter road bike or as an all-weather commuter? I'm sure drivetrain questions have been hashed out pretty well here, but I'm wondering if people have advice/experience specific to the rocky steep terrain of the Colorado Rockies under a bikepacking load. Keep in mind that this is just one particular example; in fact its my 210 Fargo versus my 112 Stella. The first thing to consider is your own weight. The lower high gear doesnt bother me because Im usually riding rougher surfaces and dont need to be going screamin fast. There are options, such as parts and tricks to make road shifters work with mountain derailleurs, and solutions to modify road derailleurs to work with larger cassette cogs. Start at our worldwide routes map to dig into our detailed guides with GPS maps and inspiring photography. $215 GX 10-52T Cassette (or 10-50) Hello! Do you really need that biggest gear? Which type of freehub body is needed for each cassette is noted and this is possible to change on many wheels. A useful tool for visualizing different gear setup is this online gear calculator, an example output of which is below. 1x drivetrains can have wider spacing between gears and sometimes that spacing is less consistent. Tire diameters from as small as 650B x 35mm up to 700C x 40mm are common but wouldnt change the result by more than about +/-2 rpm. Research shows that what cadence a cyclist prefers to use doesnt have a massive or consistent effect on their power or fatigue as long as it is within a reasonably broad range. Theyll all get us down the road and around the next corner, which is what exploring by bike is all about. If I were to focus on this style of riding I would go with a 2x, ideally a modern 211 or 212 for plenty of range (but even my older 210 would be better than my 112). About 1300 miles ago I switched my primary bikepacking bike from a 210 Salsa Fargo to my new 112 Chumba Stella. Firstly, because large chainrings can be 55% bigger than small chainrings (e.g., on a 46-30 crankset), a cassette with a gear range of at least 260% can be sufficient to obtain a complete gear range of 400% when two chainrings are used. The bike industry has been moving full-speed toward 1x drivetrains for mountain and many gravel bikes, and most people see them as an improvement over 2x and 3x. 1x is fine for unloaded singletrack but give me both my chainrings for the Great Divide! It feels the same as Rival 1 in the lever, and the shifting at the derailleur is crisp, precise, and as perfect as X01 was on my mountain bike. Range: This is the difference between your low gear and high gear. An additional disadvantage of using only one chainring is that drivetrain friction is slightly increased while using faster gears because chains are less efficient when going around tighter circles under load. Learn more or say hi. The Local Overnighters Project is a unified effort to document and map one-night bikepacking routes all over the worldby locals, in their own backyards. There are fewer components to worry about keeping aligned and safe from damage. Note that these calculations could be reversed (15/17 instead of 17/15) so that the values would alter, but the conclusions wouldnt change. However, aside from the pricey AXS wireless group, there hasnt really been a perfect solution to the 112 dirt-drop drivetrain conundrum. In the last four months Ive put about 1300 loaded bikepacking miles on Stella with her Shimano SLX 112 drivetrain: roughly 700 miles of gravel and dirt roads, 300 miles of singletrack, and 300 miles of pavement. On undulating trails where the slope is always changing, wider steps help you reach your desired gear in fewer shifts. And the high gears rating tell you how much youll be limited on good flats or downhills. TOTAL: ~$610 (w/o calipers), $125 Eagle GX Derailleur Bikepacking, in simple terms, is an overnight or multi-day adventure on your bike. I was able to install the Ratio upgrades in about an hour, and that included stopping and taking photos. Best 1x vs 2x piece Ive ever read. During the course of another project, the two found themselves having to modify SRAM road shifters. Values for gear inches typically range from 18 (very low gearing) via 70 (medium gearing) to 125 (very high gearing); as in a car, low gearing is for going up hills and high gearing is for going fast. Our bike gear calculator can show the ratios for the range of chainrings and cogs teeth so that you can check your bike gear ratios and gear inches in different settings: Choose the minimal value of the teeth in the chainring. For starters, a proper bike fit is paramount. On singletrack, I strongly prefer the 112 to my old 210. A common setup on a road bike adapted for climbing is a compact road crankset with 50-34 chainrings and an 11-32 cassette, which gives a lowest gear of 34:32 or a ratio of 1.06:1. If you're just getting into cycling, understanding bike gear ratios can be daunting. Bottom line is, at the end of the day, having more up front does not take anything away, while with a 1x, you may lose some of the ratios you may want for longer flat rides. Thus 1x is shorthand for any bike that has a single chainring in front and some number of cogs in back, most often 110, 111, or 112. We have over 300 original and curated bikepacking routes in our global network spanning nearly 50 countries. Occasionally, a road rear derailleur officially rated for only 34 teeth will even work with a 40-tooth cassette. As mentioned above, Miche and IRD sell 11-speed, wide-range cassettes that have a 12-tooth smallest cog. Everyone has their own preferences, but if youre still on the fence here are some general guidelines based on what youll be using your bike for. The 210 offers the widest range of gearing which is great for a grueling expedition. After deep-diving into gear ratios and ranges and talking with the folks at Chumba, I finally came to the understanding that a modern 112 drivetrain would probably be better for trail riding, and could be equally good for gravel and doubletrack. Using a hanger extension should only be done as a last resort. But that isn't with the extra gear so I know it will be slower. The granny gear would be 18.15 and the high gear would be 100.1. BIKEPACKING.com is dedicated to exploration by bicycle. Values for gear inches typically range from 18 (very low gearing) via 70 (medium gearing) to 125 (very high gearing); as in a car, low gearing is for going up hills and high gearing is for going fast. My Complete Bikepacking Gear List: Feel free to use this bikepacking gear list as a template for your own bikepacking adventures. Gear Ratios for Bikepacking & Ultra-Distance Cycling Ride Far, Part II: The Bike > Bike & Bike Components > Gear Ratios for Bikepacking & Ultra-Distance Cycling When doing bikepacking races and ultra-distance cycling, gears should be available that are comfortable to pedal in all situations, including climbing when heavily fatigued. And I cant quite say this one is perfect either, as Eagle components arent cheap, after all. 11-speed gearing is far more common, and with that the steps would need to average 14.9%, meaning that many of the gaps would be larger than what many people find is ideal for road riding. The extra weight for the chainring, front derailleur and shifter is very marginal at around 200 grams. The difference isnt huge, but its enough that road shifters dont have the capacity to pull that much cable. To calculate the size of the lowest gear you need, you should begin by determining what speed you can maintain on a certain climb and what pedaling cadence is tolerable. This might be true, all other things being equal, but its also true that derailleurs and shifters continue improving in terms of design and materials, which could cancel out that effect. Im with you on the simplicity I was surprised by how much I appreciated that aspect. Most, but not all, of the 1x benefits and concerns Ill explain below apply to setups with newer wide-range cassettes. Since 11 and 12 speed cogs have narrower spacing, it might seem intuitive that its harder to keep the gears indexed for smooth shifting. Those graphs above compare a new 112 drivetrain with an older 210, but those arent the only options. This is why road bikes still use 2x or 3x drivetrains. More modern and technologically advanced: You may or may not appreciate the engineering that goes into modern drivetrains, but even if you dont, its nice to know the bike industry is invested in developing and improving the parts you need. The basic driving factor is NOT demand from the market, but the desire of manufacturers to simplify things for themselves. Friday Debrief: Singlespeed Eskers, 2023 ATB Challenge, Gear Sales, and More. Shimano Alfine Hub Weight The slightly lower low gear helps a bit with climbing. For additional sizes, check out this chart. To keep my pedaling cadence and power reasonably constant, I try to minimize the number of gaps between gears that are more than 15%. Please keep the conversation civil, constructive, and inclusive, or your comment will be removed. The top gear may be larger than needed and the spacing of that cassette is not ideal, so other options are listed in the Cassettes section below. Heres what I noticed while getting used to it. As you can see in the photos above, the install went fairly smoothly, all things considered. The Great Divide Mountain Bike Route: Essential Q&A, Preventing Bike Theft While Bikepacking or Touring, Tubeless Bike Tire Not Holding Air? We have over 300 original and curated bikepacking routes in our global network spanning nearly 50 countries. Many brands now offer gravel/adventure cranksets with 30-46 chainrings or 32-48, including Shimano in their GRX range and FSA in their Adventure range. So, lets consider the roster of components in a few kit options: $125 Eagle GX Derailleur Pick the maximum number, 48, for example. I definitely see the appeal of 2x for those long gravel climbs and flatter sections of the Great Divide, especially if racing. A lot of cassettes work on Shimano/SRAM 11-speed freehub bodies (denoted Sh/SR-11). TOTAL: ~$850, $225 X01 GX Derailleur Subsequent sections address the options of how to obtain such gearing, but I first need to address what total gear range is needed by assessing what are the fastest gears that are likely to be needed for this type of cycling. Although cadence information generally isnt very useful when riding, its a good idea to use a cadence sensor occasionally to be aware what different values feel like and to know what is the minimum that you can comfortably maintain, which may depend partly on your Crank Length. Help with lowest bike packing gear ratios for bikepacking flanagaj Free Member My lowest gear on my 3 x 10 29er with Maxxis 2.4 Ikon tyres is 22 / 36 which equates to 0.68 Fully loaded and on. Most of my city riding and commuting is done on a 48-19 gear ratio. This bike is my first with a 1x drivetrain, and in this post Ill share my impressions and learnings from making the transition. I've been doing single speed bikepacking . First, you need to either know the rate of climbing you can sustain, known as VAM and measured in vertical meters per hour (e.g., 800 m/h, as shown on many bike computers or activity tracking websites) or your sustainable power in watts (e.g., 200 watts, measured using a power meter or estimated on activity tracking websites). Find out how a trio of readers from our global bikepacking community spent the weekend, and share a scene from one of your . I hadnt considered the need for that kind of speed (especially for bikepacking, as you say) but a 2x would certainly be needed. Weve put thousands of miles on Eagle GX derailleurs and they seem invincible. I recently purchased a 11-36 10 speed cassette and I have a 32 tooth ring (and a 10sp shifter) With the mainstreamification (yes thats a word) of 11 speed cassettes, it became possible for mountain bikers, and to some extent gravel riders, to get acceptable range with just a single chainring. Resources and inspiration to support your wildest dreams. The frame geometry is much closer to a touring bike, with a long . . They are still found on some touring bikes, city bikes, and occasionally mountain bikes. For the style of riding I do on Stella sometimes a hardtail with suspension fork installed, and sometimes a rigid mountain bike Im perfectly happy with the 112 drivetrain. I hear your concern! This translates into at least a 1.5% difference in speed for a given amount of power, which can add up to a lot over a very long race, see the Mechanical Resistance page. To keep things simpler, I only present gear ratios on this page and ignore the very minor effect of tire size, but you can include this when doing your own calculations. During the adjustment period I noticed that my brain and left hand kept trying to shift and then remembered, with a touch of relief, that there was nothing to do. Wider steps (benefit on certain types of terrain): This one is either a benefit or drawback depending on the terrain. If a gear range of at least 400% is desired (e.g., from 4:1 to 1:1) then with 12 cogs you could ideally have 11 even steps of 13.4% between gears, but even if a cassette with such a range existed (which is currently doesnt, see the Cassettes section below) then the steps would not be constant because tooth counts have to be whole/integer numbers (e.g., a cog with 11.34 teeth is impossible) and so several of the gaps would be 15-20%, which is not ideal for road riding for most people. None of them are perfect. Touring & Bikepacking Bikes The Fastest Bikes of the Tour Divide Ultra Race (4,400KM Non-Stop) by Alee Denham June 17, 2022 Table of Contents Handlebars Aero Bars Saddles Seatposts Tyres Wheel Size Frame Material Drivetrains Gear Ratios Pedals Brakes Suspension The Most Popular Tour Divide Bike Summary Update: The Top-10 Tour Divide Bikes for 2022 Especially on undulating terrain, I actually appreciate the larger steps because I can get to the right gear with fewer shifts. Hi there, Im Alissa. So you can think of gear ratio as a way of quantifying the highness or lowness of any gear. Shimano 11-speed cassettes with at least 34 teeth fit on the slightly narrower 8/9/10-speed Shimano freehub body (found on older wheels and MTB wheels) and can also be used on 11-speed freehubs by using a spacer, and so are denoted Sh/SR-10+11. Normally, the smallest, second-smallest and the largest cogs have special shapes and need to be kept in those positions. This page covers how to determine what lowest gear might be needed, what range of gears is appropriate and what options exist to achieve these goals. Click here to login, or start an account if youre not yet a member of the Bikepacking Collective. We installed and tested one with a well-used Rival 1 mechanical shifter and an equally worn Eagle X01 derailleur and cassette. DIY system: If you have a daypack and dry bags at home, you can bikepack. Ideally a gravel bike that is opted well for bikepacking will allow for up to 2.3 tires and even some 650b wheel can get 2.5 tires. The cable fin is what transforms the Eagle derailleur to work via Exact Actuation; its essentially a smaller version of the original, engineered to change the pull ratio. Learn more. Mountain bikers tend to like this. For 12-speed cassettes, it is notable that there is a void between road cassettes that have a maximum range of 330% and MTB cassettes that have a minimum range of 450%. Im Alissa, your virtual guide, here to help you make your biggest, boldest adventure dreams a reality. For reference, lets take a look at the high gear to add perspective to the overall range of each of these bikes and drivetrains. Its pretty easy to install, works flawlessly, and you get the quick, crisp shifting and excellent gear progression that Eagle is known for, as well as the reliability that comes with it. Pay attention to the bike I'm riding, the bikepacking bags I'm carrying my belongings in, the clothes I'm wearing, the bike tools I'm traveling with, and my notes on the various items I'm carrying with me . $100 Ratio 112 Upgrade Kit Some people see an aesthetic or fashion advantage to having only one chainring and no front derailleur, but those aspects have zero influence on my gearing decisions. Based on your anticipated speed and minimum tolerable cadence, are the gear ratios on your bike sufficient? A SRAM AXS 2x12 set up with a 43/30 crankset and 10-36 cassette or a Shimano 46/30 crankset with an 11-34 tooth cassette will . Bike Gear Gear The Incredible $199 Internal Gear Bicycle Hub: Shimano Alfine Explained by Alee Denham June 2, 2022 Table of Contents What are the advantages of internal gear hubs? I was thinking about switching down to a 42X17 just to lighten the load. Is this just a fad thats going to go away? Excited to try bikepacking but need help getting started? to support us + get The Bikepacking Journal, Works perfectly to connect the venerable Rival 1 shifter/lever with reliable Eagle derailleurs, Enables a relatively affordable mullet 112 drivetrainperhaps the best Ive tried, Easy to install with Ratios perfectly executed instructions and videos, The price has increased since its introduction; it could be a hair cheaper, Ideally, the kit would include a precision Phillips bit for the tiny cover screws. $410 Rival 1 Shifter/levers (w/ brake calipers) As one would expect, many knee problems arise from bike-specific issues like saddle height and setback, cleat position, and improper bike sizing. The efficiency difference is not huge, but it is far larger than the very marginal effect that the small difference in weight between the two setups has. The Ratio ratchet is stainless steel so it wont corrode in wet conditions, unlike the SRAM version, but generally looks quite similar, aside from the now-ubiquitous and recognizable 3D-printed texture. So a bike with three chainrings in front and a 10 cog cassette in back is a 310. It took about another hour to cable the bike and tune it up. While there is duplication among gears in 2x or 3x gears, that duplication simply allows you to avoid switching gears both front & rear to achieve your desired gearing. Exact Actuation is used on road and older mountain bike components, and X Actuation is employed on the newer 1x mountain bike components. This is a fair question, and the answer depends to some extent on your riding style. My 112 is actually much better behaved than my 210, for whatever thats worth. I spend less time shifting and can get to my desired gear faster, with less mental effort. A standard 210 drivetrain from five years ago, for example, might have a similar range to a modern 112. The range of that cassette allows us to enjoy the benefits of 1x drivetrains while minimizing drawbacks. So, I got one of my own to resurrect some very well-used Eagle X01 parts and modify my Rival 1 DoubleTap shifter. The red lines are gears that use the small chainring and the blue lines are gears that use the big chainring. Thank you for offering them to the world. by Alee Denham August 5, 2020 Table of Contents Drive Resistance Gear Steps (Jumps) Gear Range Weight Availability and Compatibility Chain Longevity Price Ease of Use Tyre Clearance and Chainstay Length So Who Wins? If you choose a chainring small enough to make climbing easy, youll limit the high end of your gearing and may not be able to power through flats and gradual downs as quickly. 1x what? To reduce the gearing, either the small chainring needs to be smaller or the largest cog needs to be larger. The loss of the high gearing is a particular loss; I often top out at 15mph on my 2020 Fargo with its 1x, while my own 2019 Fargo with its 2x drive train gives a much higher top speed. If turning the B-screw in all the way is not sufficient for the rear derailleurs upper pulley to clear the largest cog, a longer or reversed screw might help or a derailleur hanger extension like the Wolf Tooth RoadLink could be used to mount the derailleur much lower. Over the last two years, weve been tinkering and experimenting with all kinds of hacks and Frankenstein mashups to enable a wide-range 1x drivetrain on a drop-bar bike. But a modern 212 drivetrain that includes a wide-range cassette can have an ultra-wide range, larger than both a new 112 and that old 210. In my opinion, the Rival 1 mechanical option makes for one of the best mullet drivetrains you can get. Simpler mentally: No need to think about what gear youre in up front, and fewer shifts needed (in some cases) to reach your desired gear. The Niner RLT 9 Steel was absolutely brutal on the steeps; but pretty good for going fast on flat terrain. YouTube has several reviews, but I was also in a local bike shop recently and the owner and another customer were singing the praises of Sensah 1x. The emphasis is on self-sufficiency and packing light. For instance, like James Hayden did when he won the 2017 TCR, Ive taken an 11-32, 11-speed Shimano cassette and replaced the first four cogs (11-12-13-14) with the first four cogs from a 12-25, 11-speed cassette (12-13-14-15) to obtain a custom 12-32 cassette with only the final jump between gears being 14% and all other steps being less. The special edition 10th issue of The Bikepacking Journal is one you wont want to miss!
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